Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Unlike their American or European counterparts, car salesmen in Japan work hard to get a buyer. Instead of lying lazily around showrooms waiting for customers to drop by, many Japanese car salesmen still go out to get them. They walk wearily along the streets cars door-to-door. New customers are hunted with fruit and cakes on their birthdays. But life is getting tough, and not just because new-car sales are falling.

With more Japanese women (who often control the household budget) going out to work, the salesmen increasingly find nobody at home when they call. That means another visit in the evening or the weekend. Then they face an extra problem: more people, especially the young, prefer to choose a new car from a showroom where they can compare different models.

Even as late as the mid-1980s some 90% of new cars were sold door-to-door. In some rural areas most new cars are still sold this way. But in the big cities more than half the new cars are now sold from showrooms.

Although investing in showrooms is expensive because of the high cost of Japanese land, dealers have little choice. A labor shortage and higher among Japan’s workforce are making it difficult to hire door-to-door salesmen. Most of a Japanese car salesman’s working day is spent doing favors for customers, like arranging insurance or picking up vehicles for servicing, rather than actually selling.

Japan’s doorstep car salesmen are not about to vanish. The personal service they provide is so deep-rooted in Japan that they are likely to operate alongside the glittering new showrooms. The two systems even complement each other. What increasingly happens is that the showroom attracts the interest of a potential buyer, giving the footsore salesmen a firm lead to follow up with a home visit.

11. Japanese car sales usually do not wait at showrooms for customers to drop by; instead, .

A. they sell cars door-to-door

B. they buy presents for their customers

C. they enjoy themselves in recreation centers

D. they go out to do market researches

12. Implied but stated: the competition in car market is .

A. light B. moderate C. fierce D. unfair

13. Young people like to buy a new car .

A. at home B. from a showroom

C. made in the U.S.A. D. made in Japan

14. The squadron of Japanese car salesmen is reducing because of .

A. a labor shortage

B. higher expectations among Japan’s workforce

C. high cost land

D. both A and B

15. Japanese car salesmen to their customers many favors such as .

A. showing them around in an exhibition

B. arranging insurance

C. paying them a visit on weekends

D. selling ole cars for them

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown tat 40 percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures ate more prone to get certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives that we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

6. How has science done a disservice to mankind?

A. Because of science, most of the foods we eat today are contaminated.

B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances has been added to our food.

D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.

7. What are nitrates used for?

A. They preserves flavor in packaged foods.

B. They preserve the color of meats.

C. They are the objects of research.

D. They cause the animals to become fatter.

8. The FDA has tried repeatedly to control .

A. the attempt to fatten the animals

B. the attempt to cure sick animals

C. the using of drugs to animals

D. the using of additives to preserve the dolor of food

9. The word “carcinogenic” means most nearly the same as .

A. trouble-making B. color-retaining

C. money-saving D. cancer-causing

10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.

B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals.

C. Researchers have known about the potential hazards of the food additives for over thirty-five years.

D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.

Part I Reading Comprehension

Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Ask three people to look the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.

Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.

Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.

1. Seeing and perceiving are .

A. the same action

B. two separate actions

C. two actions carried on entirely by eyes

D. several actions that take place at different times

2. Perceiving is an action that takes place .

A. in our eyes

B. only when we think very hard about something

C. only under the direction of a psychologist

D. in every person’s mind

3. People perceive different things about the same scene because .

A. they see different things B. some have better eyesight

C. they cannot agree about things D. none of these

4. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. Psychologists do not yet know people see.

B. The experiments in which all factors are controlled are better.

C. The study of perception is going on now.

D. Perception does not involve psychological factors.

5. The best title for this selection is .

A. How We See

B. Learning about Our Minds through Science

C. What Psychologists Perceive

D. How to Because an Experimental Psychologist

Part IV Translation

Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. (Passage Four)

Part IV Translation

Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only. (Passage Three)

Part IV Translation

As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal. (Passage Two)

Part IV Translation

By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, (Passage Two)

Part IV Translation

The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage. (Passage One)

Part III Cloze

Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.

There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born 61 . Human brains differ considerably, 62 being more capable than others. 63 no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence 64 he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what 65 to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought 66 . If an individual is handicapped (受阻碍) 67 , it is likely that his brain will 68 to develop and he will 69 attain the level of intelligence of which he is 70 .

The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be 71 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they are placed in 72 foster (寄养) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 73 community with poor educational 74 . John, 75 , was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who has been to college. This environmental 76 continued until the twins were 77 their late teens, 78 they were given tests to 79 their intelligence. John’s I.Q. (智商) was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 80 and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.

61. A. for B. by C. with D. in

62. A. most B. some C. many D. few

63. A. But B. For C. Still D. And

64. A. if B. thought C. as D. unless

65. A. refers B. applies C. happens D. concerns

66. A. about B. up C. forward D. forth

67. A. relatively B. intelligently C. regularly D. environmentally

68. A. fail B. help C. manage D. stop

69. A. ever B. never C. even D. nearly

70. A. able B. capable C. available D. acceptable

71. A. demonstrated B. denied C. neglected D. ignored

72. A. separate B. similar C. remote D. individual

73. A. omitted B. isolated C. enclosed D. occupied

74. A. possibilities B. opportunities C. capacities D. responsibilities

75. A. moreover B. consequently C. then D. however

76. A. exception B. division C. difference D. alteration

77. A. in B. by C. at C. for

78. A. while B. since C. when D. because

79. A. estimate B. count C. decide D. measure

80. A. average B. common C. usual D. ordinary

Part II Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. The teacher the students on a tour through the art museum.

A. made B. indicated C. forced D. took

22. Tom’s parents died when he was a child, so he was by his relatives.

A. grown up B. brought up C. raised D. fed up

23. Here is my card. Let’s keep in .

A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship

24. So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.

A. which B. how C. what D. that

25. The newspapers reported yesterday several on the boundaries of these two countries.

A. incidents B. happenings C. events D. accidents

26. We’ve worked out the plan and now we must put it into .

A. fact B. reality C. practice D. deed

27. He didn’t and so he failed the examination.

A. work enough hard B. hard work enough C. hard enough work D. work hard enough

28. Not until Mr. Smith came to China what kind of country she is.

A. he knew B. he didn’t know C. did he know D. he couldn’t know

29. Scientists say it may be ten years this medicine was put to use.

A. since B. before C. after D. when

30. In some countries, is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.

A. that B. what C. which D. how

31. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we him.

A. would telephone B. would have telephone

C. had telephoned D. must have telephoned

32. We’ve missed the last bus, I’m afraid we have no but to take a taxi.

A. way B. possibility C. choice D. selection

33. Luckily, most sheep the flood last month.

A. endured B. survived C. lived D. passed

34. My parents always let me have my own of living.

A. way B. method C. manner D. fashion

35. Like other language skills, reading requires practice.

A. the most of B. much of the C. most of the D. more of the

36. It is only through practice one will be able to swim skillfully.

A. what B. who C. that D. which

37. The brain is capable of ignoring pain message of to concentrate on other activities.

A. it allowed B. is it allowed C. allowed D. allowed it

38. Don’t worry, I have already them the decision.

A. informed; with B. informed; of C. informed; for D. informed; that

39. The child was sorry his mother when he arrived at the station.

A. to miss B. having missed C. missing D. to have missed

40. I wonder why he to discuss the problem at the meeting.

A. declined B. rejected C. refused D. delayed

41. You can hang up what you like on these walls.

A. bare B. empty C. blank D. vacant

42. According to a , the majority would rather have newspapers without a government than a government without newspapers.

A. election B. campaign C. poll D. vote

43. The population of the village has decreased 150 to 500.

A. in B. at C. by D. with

44. It seems that there is that I can’t do.

A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. none

45. They are often caring more about animals than human beings.

A. accused if B. accused with C. charged of D. charged for

46. a good beginning is made, the word is half done.

A. As soon as B. While C. As D. Once

47. George could not his foolish mistake.

A. account in B. count on C. count for D. account for

48. We came into this field late, so we must work hard to the lost time.

A. make up for B. make out C. keep up with D. put up with

49. The new law will came into on the day it is passed.

A. effect B. use C. service D. existence

50. We can separate the mixture into the pure chemical compounds it is composed.

A. in which B. of what C. of which D. from which

51. Mrs. Lincoln has that she is unable to get a job.

A. such small education B. so little education

C. a such little education D. a so small education

52. She can’t prevent her little boy shooting birds.

A. from; to B. on; at C. with; up D. from; at

53. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of .

A. energy B. source C. power D. material

54. A darkened sky in the daytime is usually and indication that a storm is .

A. possible coming B. about to take place

C. close by D. expected to be severe

55. We all know that speak louder than words.

A. movements B. performance C. operations D. actions

56. , he could not cover the whole distance in fifteen minutes.

A. Fast as he can B. As he can ran fast

C. If he can ran fast D. Since he ran fast

57. Agricultural production in that country has increased in recent years.

A. vastly B. strikingly C. considerably D. extremely

58. Peter has planned to some money every month so that he can buy a used car next year.

A. set aside B. set up C. set in D. set along

59. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any of what I said.

A. attention B. notice C. warning D. observation

60. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time, is something we had not expected.

A. that B. what C. it D. which